Iyo mota yakatsemuka nekukurumidza, uye inverter iri kuita sedhimoni?Verenga chakavanzika pakati pemota uye inverter mune imwe chinyorwa!
Vanhu vazhinji vakawana chiitiko che inverter kukuvara kumota.Semuenzaniso, mufekitari yepombi yemvura, mumakore maviri apfuura, vashandisi vayo vaigara vachitaura kuti pombi yemvura yakakuvadzwa munguva yewaranti.Kare, kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvefekitari yepombi kwaive kwakavimbika.Mushure mekuferefetwa, zvakaonekwa kuti aya mapombi emvura akakuvadzwa ese aifambiswa nema frequency converters.
Kubuda kwema frequency converters kwaunza hutsva kuindasitiri otomatiki kutonga uye kuchengetedza simba remota.Kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kunenge kusingaparadzaniswe kubva kune frequency converters.Kunyangwe muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, elevator uye inverter air conditioners zvave zvikamu zvakakosha.Frequency converters vatanga kupinda mukati makona ese ekugadzirwa uye hupenyu.Nekudaro, iyo frequency inoshandura zvakare inounza akawanda asina kumboitika matambudziko, pakati ayo kukuvadzwa kwemota ndeimwe yeakajairika zviitiko.
Vanhu vazhinji vakawana chiitiko che inverter kukuvara kumota.Semuenzaniso, mufekitari yepombi yemvura, mumakore maviri apfuura, vashandisi vayo vaigara vachitaura kuti pombi yemvura yakakuvadzwa munguva yewaranti.Kare, kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvefekitari yepombi kwaive kwakavimbika.Mushure mekuferefetwa, zvakaonekwa kuti aya mapombi emvura akakuvadzwa ese aifambiswa nema frequency converters.
Kunyangwe chiitiko chekuti frequency converter inokuvadza mota yakwezva kutarisisa kwakawanda, vanhu havasati vaziva magadzirirwo echiitiko ichi, ndoda kuti chingazvidzivirira sei.Chinangwa chechinyorwa chino ndechekugadzirisa kuvhiringika uku.
Inverter kukuvara kumota
Kukuvadza kwe inverter kumotokari kunosanganisira zvinhu zviviri, kukanganisa kwe stator mhepo uye kukanganisa kwekutakura, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 1. Rudzi urwu rwekukuvadza kunowanzoitika mukati memavhiki mashomanana kusvika kumwedzi gumi, uye nguva yakatarwa inobva. pamhando ye inverter, mhando yemota, simba remota, iyo inotakura frequency ye inverter, kureba kwetambo pakati pe inverter nemota, uye ambient tembiricha.Zvinhu zvakawanda zvine chokuita.Kukuvadzwa kwetsaona kwekutanga kwemota kunounza kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi mukugadzirwa kwebhizinesi.Rudzi urwu rwekurasikirwa hausi chete mutengo wekugadzirisa mota uye kutsiva, asi zvakanyanya kukosha, kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kunokonzerwa nekumisa kusingatarisirwe kugadzirwa.Naizvozvo, kana uchishandisa frequency converter kutyaira mota, kutarisisa kwakakwana kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune dambudziko rekukuvara kwemota.
Inverter kukuvara kumota
Musiyano uripo pakati pe inverter drive uye maindasitiri frequency drive
Kuti unzwisise mashandiro ekuti sei magetsi frequency motors achinyanya kukuvara pasi pemamiriro eiverter drive, tanga wanzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pevoltage ye inverter inotyairwa mota uye magetsi frequency voltage.Wobva wadzidza kuti musiyano uyu ungakanganisa sei mota.
Iyo yakakosha chimiro cheiyo frequency inoshandura inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2, kusanganisira zvikamu zviviri, rectifier redunhu uye inverter wedunhu.Iyo rectifier redunhu ndeye DC voltage inobuda dunhu inoumbwa neakajairwa diode uye mafirita capacitors, uye inverter wedunhu inoshandura iyo DC voltage kuita pulse wide modulated voltage waveform (PWM voltage).Naizvozvo, iyo voltage waveform yeiyo inverter-inotyairwa mota ndeye pulse waveform ine akasiyana pulse hupamhi, pane sine wave voltage waveform.Kutyaira mota ine pulse voltage ndiyo inokonzeresa kukuvara kuri nyore kwemota.
Iyo Mechanism yeInverter Kukuvadza Mota Stator Winding
Kana iyo pulse voltage ichipfuudzwa patambo, kana iyo impedance yetambo isingaenderane neiyo impedance yemutoro, kufungidzira kuchaitika pakupera kwemutoro.Mhedzisiro yekuratidzira ndeyekuti iyo chiitiko wave uye iyo inoratidzwa wave inokwidziridzwa kuti iite yakakwira voltage.Yayo amplitude inogona kusvika kaviri iyo DC bhazi voltage zvakanyanya, iyo inenge yakapetwa katatu iyo inopinza voltage ye inverter, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 3. Yakawandisa peak voltage inowedzerwa kune coil ye motor stator, zvichiita kuti voltage ivhunduke kune coil. , uye kazhinji overvoltage shocks inokonzeresa kuti mota ikundikane nguva isati yakwana.
Mushure mekunge mota inofambiswa neiyo frequency converter yabatwa nepeak voltage, hupenyu hwayo chaihwo hunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira tembiricha, kusvibiswa, vibration, voltage, carrier frequency, uye coil insulation process.
Iyo yakakwira iyo inotakura frequency ye inverter, padyo nekubuda kwazvino waveform kune sine wave, iyo inoderedza tembiricha yekushanda yemota uye kurebesa hupenyu hwekuvharira.Nekudaro, yakakwira inotakura frequency inoreva kuti huwandu hwemaspike voltages anogadzirwa pasekondi yakakura, uye huwandu hwekuvhunduka kumota hwakakura.Mufananidzo 4 unoratidza hupenyu hwekudzivirira sebasa rehurefu hwetambo uye frequency yekutakura.Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pamufananidzo kuti kune 200-foot tambo, kana iyo inotakura frequency ichiwedzerwa kubva ku3kHz kusvika 12kHz (shanduko ye4 times), hupenyu hwekudzivirira hunoderera kubva pamaawa makumi masere kusvika makumi maviri emakumi maviri (mutsauko we 4 nguva).
Kufurira kweCarrier Frequency pane Insulation
Iyo yakakwirira yekushisa kwemotokari, iyo ipfupi hupenyu hwekudzivirira, sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 5, kana kutonhora kuchikwira kusvika 75 ° C, hupenyu hwemotokari inongova 50%.Kune mota inotyairwa neinverter, sezvo iyo PWM voltage iine akawanda akakwira-frequency zvikamu, tembiricha yemota ichave yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yemagetsi frequency voltage drive.
Mechanism yeInverter Damage Motor Bearing
Chikonzero nei iyo frequency converter ichikuvadza mota inotakura ndechekuti kune ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza nekutakura, uye iyi yazvino iri muchimiro chekubatana kwepakati.Iyo inopindirana yekubatanidza yedunhu inoburitsa arc, uye iyo arc ichapisa kubereka.
Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvikuru zvekuyerera kwazvino mumabearings eiyo AC mota.Chekutanga, iyo induced voltage inogadzirwa nekusaenzana kwemukati memagetsi emagetsi, uye chechipiri, yakakwira-frequency ikozvino nzira inokonzerwa nekurasika capacitance.
Iyo magineti mukati meiyo yakanakira AC induction mota inoenzanirana.Kana mafungu emagetsi matatu-matatu akaenzana uye zvikamu zvakasiyana ne 120 °, hapana mhepo ichave yakakonzerwa pa shaft yemotokari.Kana iyo PWM voltage inobuda neiyo inverter ichikonzera kuti magineti mukati memotor iite asymmetrical, voltage inoiswa pashaft.Iyo voltage renji ndeye 10 ~ 30V, iyo ine hukama nekutyaira voltage.Iyo yakakwirira simba rekutyaira, iyo yakakwirira yevoltage pane shaft.high.Kana kukosha kweiyo voltage inodarika simba re dielectric yemafuta ekuzora mukutakura, nzira yemazuva ano inoumbwa.Pane imwe nguva panguva yekutenderera kwe shaft, kuvhara kwemafuta ekuzora kunomisa ikozvino zvakare.Iyi nzira yakafanana neye-on-off process ye mechanical switch.Mukuita uku, arc ichagadzirwa, iyo inobvisa pamusoro peiyo shaft, bhora, uye shaft mbiya, ichigadzira makomba.Kana pasina kuzununguka kwekunze, madiki madiki haazove nepesvedzero yakawandisa, asi kana paine kudengenyeka kwekunze, grooves inogadzirwa, iyo ine simba guru pakushanda kwemota.
Pamusoro pezvo, zviedzo zvakaratidza kuti voltage pashaft ine hukama zvakare neiyo yakakosha frequency yeinobuda voltage yeinverter.Iyo yakadzikira iyo yakakosha frequency, iyo yakakwira voltage pane shaft uye zvakanyanya kukomba kukuvara kwekutakura.
Muchikamu chekutanga chekushanda kwemotokari, kana tembiricha yemafuta yekuzora yakadzikira, huwandu hwazvino huri 5-200mA, iyo diki ikozvino haizokonzerese kukuvadza kubereka.Nekudaro, kana mota ichimhanya kwenguva yakati rebei, sezvo tembiricha yemafuta ekuzora ichiwedzera, iyo peak ikozvino ichasvika 5-10A, izvo zvinokonzeresa flashover uye kugadzira makomba madiki pamusoro peiyo inotakura zvikamu.
Kudzivirirwa kwemota stator windings
Kana kureba kwetambo kuchidarika mamita makumi matatu, emazuva ano ma frequency converter anozoburitsa mavoltage spikes kumagumo emota, achipfupisa hupenyu hwemota.Pane mazano maviri ekudzivirira kukanganisa kumota.Imwe ndeye kushandisa mota ine yakakwira mhepo insulation uye dielectric simba (inowanzonzi inosiyana frequency mota), uye imwe yacho kutora matanho ekudzikisa peak voltage.Iyo yekare chiyero chakakodzera mapurojekiti achangobva kuvakwa, uye chiyero chekupedzisira chakakodzera kushandura mota dziripo.
Parizvino, nzira dzinowanzoshandiswa dzekudzivirira mota ndedzinotevera:
1) Isa reactor pakupera kwekubuda kweiyo frequency converter: chiyero ichi ndicho chinonyanya kushandiswa, asi zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti nzira iyi ine imwe mhedzisiro pamatambo mapfupi (pasi pe30 metres), asi dzimwe nguva mhedzisiro yacho haina kunaka. , sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 6(c) wakaratidzwa.
2) Isa dv/dt sefa pamagumo ekubuda kweiyo frequency converter: chiyero ichi chakakodzera nguva apo kureba kwetambo kuri pasi pe300 metres, uye mutengo wakakwira zvishoma pane weiyo reactor, asi mhedzisiro yave iri. yakavandudzwa zvakanyanya, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 6 (d) .
3) Isa sine wave sefa pakubuda kweiyo frequency converter: chiyero ichi ndicho chakanyanya kunaka.Nekuti pano, iyo PWM pulse voltage inoshandurwa kuita sine wave voltage, mota inoshanda pasi pemamiriro akafanana nemagetsi frequency voltage, uye dambudziko repeak voltage rakagadziriswa zvizere (zvisinei kuti tambo yakareba sei, pachavepo. hapana peak voltage).
4) Isa peak voltage absorber painterface pakati petambo uye mota: iyo yakashata yematanho apfuura ndeyekuti kana simba remota rakakura, reactor kana sefa ine vhoriyamu yakakura uye huremu, uye mutengo wakaenzana. high.Uye zvakare, iyo reactor Yese sefa uye sefa zvinokonzeresa kudonha kwevoltage, izvo zvinokanganisa kubuda kwemota.Kushandisa inverter peak voltage absorber kunogona kukunda zvikanganiso izvi.Iyo SVA spike voltage absorber yakagadziridzwa ne706 yeSecond Academy yeAerospace Science neIndasitiri Corporation inotora tekinoroji yemagetsi emagetsi epamusoro uye tekinoroji yehungwaru yekudzora, uye chishandiso chakanakira kugadzirisa kukuvara kwemota.Mukuwedzera, iyo SVA spike absorber inodzivirira mabhengi emota.
Spike voltage absorber imhando nyowani yemotokari yekudzivirira mudziyo.Batanidza magetsi ekuisa zviteshi zvemotor mukuwirirana.
1) Iyo peak voltage yekuona dunhu inoona iyo voltage amplitude pamagetsi emagetsi tambo munguva chaiyo;
2) Kana ukuru hwemagetsi akaonekwa achidarika chikumbaridzo chakaiswa, dzora peak simba buffer redunhu kuti utore simba repamusoro voltage;
3) Kana simba reiyo peak voltage razara nepamusoro pesimba rebhafa, iyo peak simba yekunyudza inodzora vharafu inovhurwa, kuitira kuti simba repamusoro riri mubuffer ribudiswe mupeak simba rinotora, uye simba remagetsi rinoshandurwa kuita kupisa. simba;
4) Iyo tembiricha yekutarisa inocherekedza tembiricha yeiyo peak simba absorber.Kana tembiricha yanyanya kukwira, iyo peak simba yekunyudza yekudzora vharafu inovharwa zvakafanira kuti ideredze kunyudzwa kwesimba (pasi pemamiriro ekuona kuti mota yakachengetedzwa), kuitira kudzivirira iyo peak voltage absorber kubva pakupisa uye kukonzera kukuvara.damage;
5) Basa rekutakura ikozvino absorption redunhu nderekutora kutakura ikozvino uye kuchengetedza mota inotakura.
Kuenzaniswa neyambotaurwa du/dt sefa, sine wave sefa uye dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira mota, iyo peak absorber ine mabhenefiti makuru ehukuru hudiki, mutengo wakaderera, uye nyore kuisirwa (kufanana kuisirwa).Kunyanya panyaya yesimba repamusoro, zvakanakira peak absorber maererano nemutengo, vhoriyamu, uye uremu zvakanyanya kusimba.Uye zvakare, sezvo yakaiswa mukuenderana, hapazove nekudonha kwemagetsi, uye pachave nekudonha kwevoltage pane du/dt sefa uye sine wave sefa, uye kudonha kwevoltage ye sine wave sefa iri pedyo negumi. %, izvo zvinozoita kuti torque yemota ideredze.
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