Mabatirwo ekupisa anoiswa papi?
Zvinoenderana neiyo nzira yekupisa yekupisa, inogona kukamurwa kuita: partition wall heat exchanger, regenerative heat exchanger, fluid yekubatanidza isina kunanga kupisa inotsinhanisa, yakananga kuonana kupisa inotsinhanisa, uye yakawanda yekutsinhanisa kupisa.
Zvinoenderana nechinangwa, inogona kukamurwa kuita: heater, preheater, superheater uye evaporator.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro, inogona kupatsanurwa kuita: inoyangarara musoro kupisa inotsinhanisa, yakagadziriswa chubhu-shiti kupisa inotsinhanisa, U-yakaumbwa chubhu-sheet heat exchanger, ndiro yekutsinhanisa kupisa, nezvimwe.
Mumwe wemisiyano pakati pegoko uye chubhu uye ndiro yekupisa exchangers: chimiro
1. Shell uye chubhu kupisa exchanger chimiro:
Iyo goko uye chubhu yekupisa yekutsinhanisa inoumbwa negoko, kupisa kupisa chubhu bundle, chubhu shiti, baffle (baffle) uye chubhu bhokisi nezvimwe zvinhu.Iyo goko rinonyanya cylindrical, ine chubhu bundle mukati, uye maviri magumo echubhu bundle akaiswa pachubhu sheet.Kune marudzi maviri emvura inopisa uye inotonhora mukutamisa kupisa, imwe imvura iri mukati mechubhu, inonzi chubhu yedivi remvura;imwe yacho imvura iri kunze kwechubhu, inonzi mvura yeparutivi rwegoko.
Kuti uvandudze kupisa kwekutamisa coefficient yemvura iri kunze kwechubhu, mabhafu akati wandei anowanzo kurongwa muchubhu shell.Iyo baffle inogona kuwedzera velocity yemvura mudivi regoko, kuita kuti mvura ipfuure nemuchubhu bundle kakawanda zvichienderana nedaro rakatarwa, uye kuwedzera mhirizhonga yemvura.
Machubhu ekutsinhanisa kupisa anogona kurongwa muequilateral triangles kana masikweya papepa rechubhu.Kurongeka kweequilateral triangles compact, dhigirii yehuturu hwemvura kunze kwechubhu yakakwirira, uye kupisa kwekushisa coefficient yakakura.Kurongeka kweskweya kunofambisa kuchenesa kunze kwechubhu uye yakakodzera zvinwiwa zvinowanzoita kusvibiswa.
1-shell;2-chubhu bundle;3, 4-chibatanidza;5-musoro;6-tube ndiro: 7-baffle: 8-drain pombi
Imwe-nzira shell uye chubhu kupisa exchanger
Schematic dhayagiramu ye-single-shell kaviri-chubhu inopisa yekupisa
2. Plate heat exchanger chimiro:
Iyo inobviswa ndiro inopisa kupisa inogadzirwa neakadhindwa marata matete ma plates pane dzimwe nguva, akavharwa nemagaskets akaatenderedza, uye akaputirwa nemafuremu uye compression screws.Iwo mana makona maburi emaplateti nema spacers anoumba mafluid distributors nevaunganidzi.Panguva imwecheteyo, mvura inotonhora uye inopisa inopisa zvinoparadzaniswa zvinonzwisisika kuitira kuti zviparadzaniswe kumativi ose endiro imwe neimwe.Kuyerera mumatanho, kupisa kupisa kuburikidza nemahwendefa.
Mumwe wemisiyano pakati pegoko uye chubhu yekupisa inotsinhanisa uye ndiro yekutsinhanisa kupisa: kupatsanura
1. Kupatsanurwa kwegoko uye chubhu kupisa exchangers:
(1) Pepa rehubhu reiyo yakagadziriswa chubhu yekushisa kupisa inosanganiswa nemasumbu echubhu pamagumo ese echubhu shell.Kana mutsauko wetembiricha wakakura zvishoma uye ganda redivi rekumanikidza harina kunyanya kukwira, mhete inobhadhara elastic inogona kuiswa pagoko kudzikisa kushushikana kwekupisa.
(2) Iyo chubhu ndiro kune imwe magumo echubhu bundle yeanoyangarara musoro heat exchanger inogona kuyangarara yakasununguka, ichibvisa zvachose kushushikana kwemafuta, uye iyo yese chubhu bundle inogona kuburitswa kubva mugoko, iyo iri nyore kuchenesa nekugadzirisa.Inoyangarara musoro inopisa exchangers inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, asi chimiro chavo chakaoma uye mutengo wakakwira.
(3) Imwe neimwe chubhu yeU-yakaumbwa chubhu yekupisa inochinjisa yakakotama kuita U chimiro, uye magumo ese akaiswa pane imwechete chubhu pepa munzvimbo dzepamusoro nepasi.Nekubatsirwa kweiyo tube box partition, yakakamurwa kuva makamuri maviri: inlet uye outlet.Iyo inopisa yekupisa inobvisa zvachose kushushikana kwekupisa, uye chimiro chayo chakareruka kupfuura icho chemhando yemusoro unoyangarara, asi iyo tube side haisi nyore kuchenesa.
(4) Iyo eddy yazvino inopisa firimu yekupisa exchanger inotora yazvino eddy inopisa firimu kupisa tekinoroji yekutsinhana, uye inovandudza kupisa kwekuchinjana nekushandura iyo fluid inofamba mamiriro.Kana iyo yepakati ichipfuura nepamusoro pebhoti yebhoti, inenge iine scour yakasimba pamusoro pemvura inopisa, nokudaro ichivandudza kupisa kwekushisa, kusvika ku10000 W / m2.Panguva imwecheteyo, chimiro chine mabasa ekudzivirira kwehutu, kupisa kwakanyanya kwekushisa, kupikisa kwepamusoro uye anti-scaling.
2. Kurongwa kweplate heat exchangers:
(1) Zvinoenderana nehukuru hwenzvimbo yekutsinhana kupisa pachikamu cheyuniti, ndiro yekutsinhanisa kupisa ndeye compact heat exchanger, inonyanya kuenzaniswa negoko uye chubhu yekupisa inotsinhanisa.Traditional shell uye chubhu heat exchangers inogara munzvimbo yakakura.
(2) Maererano nekushandiswa kwemaitiro, kune mazita akasiyana: plate heater, plate cooler, plate condenser, plate preheater.
(3) Zvinoenderana nemusanganiswa wekuita, inogona kukamurwa kuita unidirectional plate heat exchanger uye yakawanda-directional ndiro yekupisa exchanger.
(4) Zvinoenderana nekuyerera kweiyo midhiya miviri, inogona kukamurwa kuita parallel plate heat exchanger, counter flow plate heat exchanger uye cross flow plate heat exchanger.Iwo maviri ekupedzisira anonyanya kushandiswa.
(5) Zvinoenderana nehukuru hwegap yemumhanyi, inogona kukamurwa kuita yakajairwa gap ndiro yekupisa yekutsinhanisa uye yakafara gap ndiro yekupisa exchanger.
(6) Zvinoenderana neiyo corrugation yekupfeka mamiriro, iyo inopisa kupisa ndiro ine misiyano yakadzama, iyo isingazodzokororwe.Ndokumbira utarise kune: corrugated fomu yeplate heat exchanger.
(7) Zvinoenderana nekuti kana iri seti yakakwana yezvigadzirwa, inogona kupatsanurwa kuita imwe ndiro yekupisa yekutsinhanisa uye ndiro yekutsinhanisa unit.
Plate-fin heat exchanger
Mumwe wemisiyano pakati pegoko uye chubhu uye ndiro yekupisa exchangers: Zvimiro
1. Zvimiro zvegoko uye chubhu kupisa exchanger:
(1) Kubudirira kwepamusoro uye kuchengetedza simba, chidimbu chekutengesa kupisa kwechitsinhanho chekushisa ndeye 6000-8000W / (m2·k).
(2) Yese kugadzirwa kwesimbi isina tsvina, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, kusvika kumakore makumi maviri.
(3) Kushandura laminar kuyerera kune mhirizhonga kuyerera kunonatsiridza kupisa kwekufambisa kushanda uye kunoderedza kupisa kwekupisa.
(4) Kukurumidza kupisa kupisa, kupisa kwakanyanya kwekudzivirira (400 madhigirii Celsius), kupikisa kwepamusoro (2.5 MPa).
(5) Compact dhizaini, diki tsoka, huremu huremu, kuisirwa nyore, kuchengetedza hupfumi hwekuvaka.
(6) Iyo dhizaini inochinjika, iyo yakatarwa yakakwana, iyo practicability yakasimba, uye mari inochengetwa.
(7) Iine huwandu hwakawanda hwemamiriro ekushandisa uye inokodzera kumanikidzwa, tembiricha yemhando uye kupisa kuchinjana kwemhando dzakasiyana siyana.
(8) Mutengo wakaderera wekugadzirisa, kushanda kuri nyore, kutenderera kwenguva refu yekuchenesa uye kuchenesa kuri nyore.
(9) Gamuchira nano-thermal firimu tekinoroji, iyo inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kupisa kwekutamisa coefficient.
(10) Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi ekupisa, maindasitiri nemigodhi, petrochemical, kupisa kwepakati pemadhorobha, chikafu nemishonga, magetsi emagetsi, michina uye indasitiri yemwenje uye mamwe minda.
(11) Iyo chubhu yemhangura ine zvimbi zvekutonhodza yakakungurutswa pamusoro pekunze kwechubhu yekupisa kupisa ine yakakwirira yekupisa conductivity uye nzvimbo huru yekupisa kupisa.
12Chinhambwe chiri pakati pemapepa ekutungamira chinogona kugadziridzwa kuitira kuyerera kwakanyanya.Chimiro chakasimba, uye chinogona kusangana nekuchinjisa kupisa kwegoko-parutivi fluid ine hombe yekuyerera kana kunyange yakakura kuyerera mwero uye yakakwirira pulsation frequency.
2. Zvimiro zveplate heat exchanger:
(1) Yakanyanya kupisa kupisa coefficient
Sezvo marata akasiyana-siyana akadzoserwa kumashure, migero yakaoma inoumbwa, kuitira kuti mvura iri pakati pemarata ane marara inoyerera mumativi matatu-dimensional inotenderera inoyerera, uye mhirizhonga inoyerera inogona kugadzirwa pane yakaderera Reynolds nhamba (kazhinji Re = 50-200), saka kupisa kupisa Iyo coefficient yakakwira, uye inowanzoonekwa kuti iyo tsvuku ruvara ndeye 3-5 nguva yemhando yegoko-uye-chubhu.
(2) Logarithmic avhareji tembiricha musiyano mukuru, uye tembiricha musiyano pamagumo idiki
Mugoko uye chubhu yekupisa yekutsinhanisa, kune maviri emvura inoyerera padivi rechubhu uye padivi pechubhu zvakateerana.Kazhinji, iwo ari kuyambuka-kuyerera uye ane diki logarithmic zvinoreva tembiricha musiyano wekugadzirisa chinhu.Mazhinji ekupisa kweplate exchanger anofanana kana kutenderera kuyerera, uye kugadzirisa chinhu kunowanzo kutenderedza 0.95.Mukuwedzera, mvura inopisa uye inotonhora inoyerera mundiro inopisa inopisa inopindirana nekuyerera kwemvura inopisa uye inotonhora mumudziyo wekupisa.
Iyo inopisa pamusoro uye pasina bypass inoita musiyano wetembiricha pakupera kweplate heat exchanger diki, uye kupisa kuendeswa kumvura kunogona kuve kushoma pane 1 ° C, nepo goko nechubhu kupisa kwekuchinja kunowanzo 5 ° C.
(3) Mutsindo mudiki
Iyo ndiro yekupisa kupisa ine compact chimiro, uye nzvimbo yekupisa yekupisa pavhoriyamu yevhoriyamu ndeye 2-5 nguva iyo yegoko-uye-chubhu inopisa yekupisa.Kusiyana negoko-uye-tube heat exchanger, haidi nzvimbo yekuchengetedza yekubviswa kwechubhu bundle.Nokudaro, kuitira kuti uwane simba rakafanana rekutamisa kupisa, nzvimbo yepasi yeplate heat exchanger inenge 1/5-1/8 yeiyo yegoko uye chubhu inopisa kupisa.
(4) Zviri nyore kushandura nzvimbo yekutsinhanisa kupisa kana kusanganisa nzira
Chero bedzi mahwendefa mashomanana akawedzerwa kana kubviswa, chinangwa chekuwedzera kana kuderedza nzvimbo yekupisa kupisa inogona kuwanikwa.Nekushandura dhizaini yeplate kana kutsiva akawanda emhando dzeplate, iyo inodiwa nzira yekubatanidza inogona kuitika, uye nzvimbo yekutsinhana yekupisa yegoko uye chubhu yekupisa inotsinhanisa inogona kuchinjirwa kune itsva kupisa kupisa mamiriro.Zvinenge zvisingabviri kuwedzera nzvimbo yekupisa yekupisa yegoko uye chubhu inopisa kupisa.
(5) kureruka
Ukobvu hweplate yeplate heat exchanger ingori 0.4-0.8 mm, uye kukora kwechubhu yegoko-uye-chubhu inopisa kupisa ndeye 2.0-2.5 mm.Shell uye machubhu ekupisa anotsinhanisa anorema zvakanyanya kupfuura ndiro inopisa mafuremu.Plate heat exchangers kazhinji inongoverengera inenge 1/5 yehuremu hwegoko nechubhu.
(6) Mutengo wakaderera
Izvo zvinhu zveplate heat exchanger zvakafanana, nzvimbo yekutsinhanisa kupisa kwakafanana, uye mutengo uri 40% ~ 60% yakaderera pane iyo yegoko uye chubhu inopisa kupisa.
(7) Zviri nyore kugadzira
Iyo inopisa kupisa ndiro yeplate heat exchanger yakadhindwa uye yakagadziriswa, iyo ine dhigirii yepamusoro yekumira uye inogona kugadzirwa-yakawanda.Shell uye chubhu kupisa exchangers zvinowanzogadzirwa nemaoko.
(8) Zviri nyore kuchenesa
Chero bedzi mabhaudhi ekumanikidza eiyo frame plate heat exchanger asunungurwa, chubhu bundle yeplate heat exchanger inogona kusunungurwa, uye plate heat exchanger inogona kubviswa kuti icheneswe.Izvi zvakanakira kuchinjisa kupisa kwemidziyo inoda kucheneswa kazhinji.
(9) Kurasikirwa kwekupisa kuduku
Mundiro yekupisa kupisa kweplate, chete ndiro yegomba reti yekutsinhanisa kupisa inoratidzwa kumhepo, kurasikirwa kwekupisa hakuna basa, uye hapana matanho ekudzivirira anodiwa.
