Kubva pamawachi kusvika kune ma turbines emhepo, magiya ehukuru hwakasiyana, mahombe uye madiki, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana sezvikamu zvemakina ekufambisa simba.Zvinonzi saizi yemusika wemagiya uye zvikamu zvegiya munyika yasvika trillion yuan, uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti icharamba ichikura nekukurumidza mune ramangwana pamwe nekusimudzira indasitiri.
Gear imhando yezvimedu zvezvimedu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muhupenyu, ingave iri ndege, inotakura zvinhu, mota zvichingodaro.Nekudaro, kana giya rakagadzirwa uye richigadziriswa, nhamba yegiya inodiwa.Vamwe vanhu vanoti kana iri pasi pemazino gumi nemanomwe, haikwanise kutenderedzwa., unoziva chikonzero nei?
Saka sei 17?Panzvimbo pedzimwe nhamba?Kana iri 17, izvi zvinotanga nekugadzirisa nzira yegiya, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pasi apa, nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya ndeyokushandisa hobho yekucheka.
Paunenge uchigadzira magiya nenzira iyi, kana nhamba yemazino idiki, undercutting inoitika, iyo inokanganisa simba remagetsi anogadzirwa.What is undercutting zvinoreva kuti mudzi wachekwa...Cherechedza bhokisi dzvuku riri pamufananidzo:
Saka kucheka pasi kungadziviswa riini?Mhinduro ndeiyi 17 (apo iyo addendum urefu coefficient iri 1 uye iyo yekumanikidza angle iri makumi maviri madhigirii).
Chekutanga pane zvese, chikonzero nei magiya achigona kutenderera imhaka yekuti hukama hwakanaka hwekutapurirana hunofanirwa kuumbwa pakati pegiya repamusoro negiya rezasi.Chete apo kubatana pakati pezviviri kuri panzvimbo, kushanda kwayo kunogona kuva hukama hwakagadzikana.Kutora magiya anosanganisa semuenzaniso, magiya maviri anogona chete kutamba basa rawo kana akabatana zvakanaka.Kunyanya, iwo akakamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: spur magiya uye helical giya.
Kune yakajairwa spur giya, iyo coefficient yeaddumm urefu ndeye 1, uye iyo coefficient yezino chitsitsinho kureba ndeye 1.25, uye yayo yekumanikidza angle inofanirwa kusvika makumi maviri madhigirii.Kana iyo giya ichigadziriswa, kana chigadziko chezino uye chishandiso chakafanana nemagiya maviri Same.
Kana nhamba yemazino e embryo iri pasi pehumwe kukosha, chikamu chemudzi wemudzi wezino chinocherwa kunze, icho chinonzi undercutting.Kana iyo undercutting iri diki, inokanganisa kusimba uye kugadzikana kwegiya.Iwo gumi nemanomwe ataurwa pano ndeemagiya.Kana isu tisingatauri nezvekushanda kwekushanda kwemagiya, ichashanda pasinei nokuti mazino akawanda sei.
Uye zvakare, 17 inhamba yekutanga, kureva kuti, nhamba yekupindirana pakati perimwe zino regiya uye mamwe magiya ishoma pane imwe nhamba yekutendeuka, uye haizogara panguva ino kwenguva yakareba. apo simba rinoshandiswa.Magiya midziyo chaiyo.Kunyangwe pachange paine zvikanganiso pagiya rega rega, mukana wekupfeka vhiri shaft pa17 wakanyanya kukwirira, saka kana iri 17, ichava yakanaka kwenguva pfupi, asi haishande kwenguva yakareba.
Asi pano panouya dambudziko!Pachine magiya akawanda ane mazino asingasviki 17 pamusika, asi achiri kutendeuka zvakanaka, pane mifananidzo uye chokwadi!
Vamwe venetizens vakaratidza kuti, chokwadi, kana ukachinja nzira yekugadzirisa, zvinokwanisika kugadzira akajairwa involute magiya ane mazino asingasviki gumi nemanomwe.Ehe, giya rakadaro zvakare nyore kubatika (nekuda kwekuvhiringidza kwegiya, ini handisi kuwana mufananidzo, ndapota ita pfungwa dzako), saka haigone kutendeuka.Kune zvakare akawanda anowirirana mhinduro, uye giya rekuchinja ndiro rinonyanya kushandiswa (mumashoko evasina basa, ndiko kufambisa chishandiso kure paunenge uchicheka), uye kune zvakare magiya ehelical, cycloidal giya, nezvimwe. Ipapo pane pancycloid. gear.
Maonero emumwe wetizen: Munhu wese anoita seanotenda mumabhuku zvakanyanya.Handizivi kuti vangani vakanyatsodzidza magiya kubasa.Muchidzidzo chemasimboti emuchina, hapana chikonzero cheiyo involute spur magiya ane mazino anopfuura gumi nemanomwe.Kubviswa kwekucheka kunoenderana nekuti iyo yepamusoro fillet R yerake kumeso kweiyo rack chishandiso chekugadzirisa magiya ndeye 0, asi kutaura zvazviri, maturusi ekugadzira maindasitiri angave sei asina R angle?(Pasina R angle chishandiso kupisa kupisa, iyo yakapinza chikamu chekusimbisa kushushikana iri nyore kupaza, uye iri nyore kupfeka kana kutsemuka panguva yekushandiswa) uye kunyangwe chishandiso chisina R angle undercut, iyo yakanyanya nhamba yemeno inogona kunge isiri gumi nenomwe. mazino, saka 17 mazino anoshandiswa senge undercut mamiriro.Kutaura idi, kwakazaruka kukakavara!Ngatitarisei pamifananidzo iri pamusoro.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva pamufananidzo kuti kana giya rakagadzirwa nechombo chine R angle ye 0 kumusoro kweraki chiso, shanduko yekuchinja kubva pazino rechigumi neshanu kusvika kune 18 zino haishanduki zvakanyanya, saka nei zvakadaro akati zino rechi17 rinotanga neinvolute straight zino?Zvakadini nenhamba yemazino akachekwa?
Mufananidzo uyu unofanirwa kunge wakadhirowewa nevadzidzi vanoita zvemechanical engineering naFan Chengyi.Iwe unogona kuona pesvedzero yeR angle yechishandiso pane undercut yegiya.
Iyo equidistant curve yepepuru yakatambanudzwa epicycloid mumudzi wechikamu chemufananidzo uri pamusoro ndiyo nhoroondo yezino mushure mekucheka midzi.Inosvika papi iyo mudzi wegiya uchave wakadzika dzika kukanganisa kushandiswa kwayo?Izvi zvinotemerwa nekufamba kwakabatana kwezino repamusoro perimwe giya uye kuchengetwa kwesimba rezino mudzi wegiya.Kana zino repamusoro pegiya rekusangana rikasasangana nechikamu chepasi, magiya maviri anogona kutenderera zvakajairwa, (Cherechedza: Undercut Chikamu chayo chimiro chezino chisina kubatanidzwa, uye meshing yeinopindirana mazino profile uye isiri- involute mazino profiles kazhinji haina conjugated mune imwe nyaya isiri-yakananga dhizaini, ndiko kuti, kupindira).
Kubva pamufananidzo uyu, zvinoonekwa kuti mutsetse wemeshing wemagiya maviri uchangobva kupukuta denderedzwa repamusoro rakatarisana nekuchinjika curve yemagiya maviri (Cherechedza: chikamu chepepuru ndiyo involute mazino profiles, iyo yero chikamu ndiyo undercut. chikamu, iyo meshing mutsara Hazvigoneke kupinda pazasi denderedzwa, nekuti hapana involute pazasi denderedzwa, uye meshing mapoinzi emagiya maviri pane chero chinzvimbo zvese zviri pamutsetse uyu), ndiko kuti, magiya maviri anogona. ingori mesh zvakajairika, hongu izvi Hazvibvumirwi muinjiniya, kureba kwemutsara wemeshing ndeye 142.2, iyi kukosha / base chikamu = coincidence degree.
Kubva pamufananidzo uyu, zvinoonekwa kuti mutsetse wemeshing wemagiya maviri uchangobva kupukuta denderedzwa repamusoro rakatarisana nekuchinjika curve yemagiya maviri (Cherechedza: chikamu chepepuru ndiyo involute mazino profiles, iyo yero chikamu ndiyo undercut. chikamu, iyo meshing mutsara Hazvigoneke kupinda pazasi denderedzwa, nekuti hapana involute pazasi denderedzwa, uye meshing mapoinzi emagiya maviri pane chero chinzvimbo zvese zviri pamutsetse uyu), ndiko kuti, magiya maviri anogona. ingori mesh zvakajairika, hongu izvi Hazvibvumirwi muinjiniya, kureba kwemutsara wemeshing ndeye 142.2, iyi kukosha / base chikamu = coincidence degree.
Vamwe vakati: Chekutanga, mamiriro emubvunzo uyu haana kururama.Magiya ane mazino asingasviki gumi nemanomwe haazokanganisa kushandiswa (tsananguro yeiyi pfungwa mumhinduro yekutanga haina kunaka, uye mamiriro matatu eiyo meshing chaiyo yegiya haana chekuita nehuwandu hwemazino), asi mazino gumi nemanomwe mu zvimwe Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvichave zvisingaite kugadzirisa, hezvino zvimwe zvekuwedzera ruzivo nezve magiya.
Rega nditaure nezve involute kutanga, iyo involute ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mhando yegiya zino profile.Saka sei involute?Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pemutsara uyu uye mutsara wakatwasuka uye arc?Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi, ndeye involute (pano pane chete hafu yezino involute)
Kuti uiise muzwi rimwe chete, iyo involute ndeyekutora mutsara wakatwasuka uye yakatemerwa poindi pairi, kana mutsara wakatwasuka uchitenderedza nedenderedzwa, trajectory yenzvimbo yakatarwa.Mabhenefiti ayo ari pachena kana maviri achibatanidza mesh nemumwe, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
Kana mavhiri maviri achitenderera, kutungamira kwesimba panzvimbo yekusangana (senge M , M' ) inogara iri pamutsetse wakatwasanuka, uye mutsara wakatwasuka uyu unochengetwa wakanangana neaya maviri akaumbwa-akamisikidzwa ekubatanidza nzvimbo (tangent ndege. )Nekuda kweiyo verticality, ivo Pachange pasina "kutsvedza" uye "kukweshana" pakati pavo, izvo zvine hungwaru zvinoderedza kukweshera kwegiya mesh, izvo zvisingagone kungovandudza kushanda zvakanaka, asiwo kurebesa hupenyu hwegiya.
Zvechokwadi, seyo inonyanya kushandiswa yezita rezino - involute, haisi sarudzo yedu chete.
Kunze kwe "undercutting", semainjiniya, isu hatifanire kungofunga kana zvichikwanisika padanho redzidziso uye kana mhedzisiro yacho yakanaka, asi zvinonyanya kukosha, tinofanira kuwana nzira yekuita kuti zvinhu zvedzidziso zvibude, izvo zvinosanganisira kusarudzwa kwezvinhu. , kugadzira, kunyatsoita, kuedza, nezvimwewo Uye zvichingodaro.
Nzira dzinowanzo shandiswa dzekugadzirisa magiya dzinowanzo kupatsanurwa kuita nzira yekugadzira uye nzira yekugadzira fan.Nzira yekugadzira ndeyekucheka zvakananga chimiro chezino nekugadzira chigadziro chinoenderana nechimiro chepakati pakati pemeno.Izvi zvinowanzo sanganisira vanocheka kugaya, mavhiri ekukuya butterfly, nezvimwewo;Fan Cheng nzira inoenzanisa Yakaomeswa, unogona kunzwisisa kuti magiya maviri ari meshing, imwe yacho yakaoma kwazvo (banga), uye imwe yacho ichiri mumamiriro akaoma.Iyo meshing process iri kufamba zvishoma nezvishoma kubva kure kure kuenda kune yakajairika meshing state.Mukuita uku magiya matsva anogadzirwa nepakati kucheka.Kana iwe uchifarira, unogona kuwana "Misimboti yeMechanics" kuti udzidze zvakadzama.
Fancheng nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, asi kana iyo nhamba yemazino egiya iri diki, nzvimbo yekupindirana kweiyo addendum mutsara wechishandiso uye meshing mutsara ichapfuura meshing muganhu wegiya rakachekwa, uye mudzi wegiya rinofanirwa kugadziriswa. ichave pamusoro Kucheka, nekuti iyo undercut chikamu inodarika meshing muganhu poindi, haikanganise meshing yakajairika yemagiya, asi chakashata ndechekuti inonetesa simba remeno.Kana magiya akadaro achishandiswa mune zvinorema-basa zviitiko senge gearboxes, Zviri nyore kutyora mazino egiya.Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza modhi ye2-die 8-zino giya mushure mekugadzirisa zvakajairika (ine undercut).
Uye 17 ndiyo inogumira nhamba yemazino akaverengerwa pasi pegiya renyika yedu.Iyo giya ine nhamba yemeno isingasviki gumi nenomwe ichaonekwa "undercutting phenomenon" kana ichiwanzo gadziriswa neFancheng nzira.Panguva ino, nzira yekugadzirisa inofanira kugadziriswa, sekutamisa, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 2-kufa 8-zino giya rakagadzirirwa indexing (diki undercut).
Chokwadika, zvizhinji zvezviri mukati zvinorondedzerwa pano hazvina kukwana.Kune zvimwe zvakawanda zvinonakidza zvikamu mumuchina, uye kune mamwe matambudziko mukugadzira zvikamu izvi muinjiniya.Vaverengi vanofarira vangada kunyatsoteerera.
Mhedziso: Mazino e17 anobva pakugadzirisa nzira, uye zvinoenderanawo nekugadzirisa nzira.Kana iyo nzira yekugadzira giya ikatsiviwa kana kuvandudzwa, senge nzira yekugadzira uye yekuchinjisa gadziriso (pano inoreva zvakananga kune spur giya), iyo undercut phenomenon haizoitike, uye iyo Hapana dambudziko nehuwandu hwekugumira hwemazino gumi nemanomwe.
